Hyaline Membrane Disease. I was in Florida with my father and I remember the headline, "Tiny Pat Kennedy Dead" and then just a few months later the President was dead, too.
I also remember an episode of MEDIC with Richard Boone that dealt with the oxygen they gave preemies in incubators causing blindness until they learned to shield the babies' eyes from the oxygen.
Carrying quads to full term would be quite a feat and then delivering them vaginally without running into tangling of cords and other complications, in a house, is even more improbable. As PassatDoc said, there was little that acould be done to support preemies. Even surviving triplets were a rarity, let alone quads and quints. When my brother was cleaning out our grandmother's attic she had a whole box full of news stories spanning decades about the Dionne Quintuplets. On the other hand, a friend's husband was one of a pair of twins that each weighed over 7 lbs at birth.