Hi Tim,
I have one of those laundry sorting centers near my machines. See link and pic below; purchased at Lowes. It has three bags for sorting laundry, a rack for hanging clothes removed from the dryer, and a storage shelf on top. I sort by wash type and drying requirements, as follows:
1. perm press (95% of which is wrinkle-resistant LL Bean 100% cotton trousers and shirts from LL Bean), using Perm Press wash and dry cycles
2. towels and bed linens: hot Heavy wash cycle, hot or warm dry using Heavy Cycle
3. cottons like t-shirts, jeans, underwear, socks, etc.: warm wash (normal or heavy), normal dry on warm.
I have virtually no white clothing other than t-shirts and a few white dress shirts, so I don't really sort by color. Washing the white dress shirts (LL Bean perm press all cotton) with light-colored similar fabrics gives good results and I don't even have enough white dress shirts to make up even close to a full load.
It so happens that when one of those sorting bags is filled to the brim, it's equal to a full load in my 3.5 cu ft Frigidaire 2140. A full bag would NOT be a full load in a larger machine, but for me it's a full load. The only time I wash less than a full load would be doing delicates (sweaters, throw pillows, etc.) or other items that need special care. I have more than enough clothing, towels, and linens to last, so I can wait until the bags are full.
Most people overdose their detergent when first using a front loader. Good to hear your results were better with less detergent. You are correct about the machine adding more water to large or absorbent loads. Most FLs have a water level sensor. If the load is large and absorbent, the water level will not be high enough after initial fill (as the clothing or towels absorb the water with initial agitation) and more water will be added after a brief agitation period. Sometimes my machine will pause and fill two more times after initial fill, if it's say a full load of towels. Less absorbent full loads like permanent press may achieve adequate water levels with the initial fill.
The dosing instructions I wrote earlier were for Tide HE powder. I have no experience using the 2X liquids, but again I'd use no more than 2 tbsp. About two weeks after the machines were delivered, I had house guests from Sweden who used the machines to wash several loads. I watched my friend measure out the detergent (at that time, All Free/Clear HE liquid, though now I use only powders) and she used only 2 tbsp. So I could see I was using way too much, and learned by copying friends from Europe who'd been using FLs since forever.
