(To all of the GE lovers on this forum, I know I'm going to probably get a few details wrong here, so please correct me.)
I recall seeing a picture of the inside of a GE transmission and recall that I saw a lot of nylon gears as opposed to steel gears. Unfortunately, I can't recall where I found it, but basically, the reason for the short stroke on the early 2000's GE was due to a "Sawblade" style of gear connected to a round gear. It's hard to explain.
I don't know much about the motors inside Pre and Post Filter-Flo machines, but I can certainly tell you that Filter-Flo motors were designed to last. My father has a buffer he uses to polish things and the motor came out of that old '64 Filter-Flo. It still works even today. That really said something about GE quality back then.
The suspension is radically different between a Filter-Flo and a post Filter-flo machine. The old FF machines used steel aircraft style cable connected to springs, holding the tub in place with a kind of a "U" shape with pully's holding everything in place.
The new washers use a completely different kind of suspension, they kind of remind me of a shock absorber with a long stalk on the end. It's a better suspension because the washer won't walk if it is incredibly unbalanced. (I should know, on some very unbalanced loads my old 2004 GE would sound like it was tearing itself apart. While it sounded bad, it never dented the cabinet or did any damage.)
The drive motors sound very different. Again, hard to describe but if you look up youtube videos of Post and Pre FF machines, you'll hear it. Hydrowave washers sound horrible, kind of like car alarms.. I love the sound of a 60's era FF.
I think in the Hydrowave machines, they use some incredibly massive arc, I think it is 360 degrees, but don't quote me on that. They can get away with that because there isn't any transmission. I don't think it lends itself to better washing action, but that's all in my own personal opinion.
I wish I could tell you about the engineering, but here's what I know..
The Filter-Flo was introduced in 1957 and went through a few engineering changes until they settled on their final design in 1963. Noticeable changes were the construction of the agitator, the switch from a copper to a plastic filter flo pan, the switch from a solid basket to a perforated one, the eventual Mini-Basket (Great idea!) and the move of the recirculator spout from the 12 o'clock position to the 3 o'clock position.
From 1963 to about 1994, the basic design of the machine really didn't change. There were a few minor changes, like the design of the rail at the top of the tub went from metal to plastic (I think this happened sometime in the 1970's?) and there were gimmicks which GE used to sell more washers, like Vari-Speed, the Dispenseall and "Energy Saving" cycles. Realistically though, a Filter-Flo from 1994 wasn't too different from a 1964 model.
The 1995 models were more like the Hotpoint models instead and were phased out that year. Kind of a shame, the 1994/1995 machines were the ugliest of the bunch, at least IMO.
Obviously, GE had a lot of time to think about their re-design of their machine. The first thing the salesperson sold me on was the "Phone book" test, which says a lot about how badly a redesign of the suspension was needed. (Put in a phone book on the spin cycle and the washer won't walk around like the old ones did...)