If you bake --calibrate your oven!

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mattl

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Just wanted to remind people you bake to periodically check their oven for proper temperature calibration. Last fall I picked up a great Electrolux Wave Touch oven and have been quite happy with it, but questioned the accuracy of the temperature setting. I had a problem with the meat probe and the great people over at Fixitnow.com were quickly able to link me to the service info. Turns out my probe is bad, but in reading the info I found how to properly adjust my oven.

Various brands do it differently, but for my brand the service info indicates not to take a reading until the unit cycles 5 times. It states initially the oven overshoots the target temp by a large amount. I was taking reading when I first set the oven, as soon as the indicator was out I did a reading, and it was always high. My unit is capable of adjusting the set temp up or down 35 degrees and I had played with that setting. I doing research I found that the temp swing in the average oven can be as much a 40-50 degrees!

Using the most accurate thermometer I have, a candy thermometer, when my oven was set a 350 it was actually 362, and I watched the temp drop and rise over 25 degrees. It took me over an hour but I tamed it quite nicely, temp swing is now 10 degrees either way of the set point, much better than it was. I actually adjusted the temp reading down 13 degrees.

I reading I found that a Whirlpool tech said that in their units the elements cycle on for a full minute. If the oven calls for heat the bottom element runs for a full minute and then the temp is sampled again. There is no variable power so the element runs at full power. That would explain large swings in temp in most ovens. One other surprising bit of info I came across is that it's often hotter at the bottom of the oven than at the top. I guess it makes sense when you think about it,the element is there, but always knowing that heat rises I always lowered the rack when I was worried about things browning too quickly.

Anyway, after all this, I had to use it. I baked my favorite Custard Chiffon cake and it was better than it's has been in years. Tender and moist with a fine texture, I had forgotten how good it can be.
 
I am glad that you were able to adjust your oven's temperature and had good baking results.

I have not had to recalibrate the oven thermostat with an electric range that has a good thermostat and I used to do a lot of baking, but I don't have to deal with the advanced electronics, software and hidden bake elements in today's ovens. With the exception of the two self-cleaners, the rest are dependable hydraulic thermostats. I did have to replace a board or two in the early 70s GE self-cleaning ovens. In the ovens that have windows, I have watched oven thermometers of several types and have not seen wide swings in temperature. Maybe that is more of a problem with newer ovens with bigger windows and thinner insulation. It is certainly more of a problem with cycling gas ovens since they must have a larger oven vent and have to have an opening at the bottom to supply air for the burner so they have a greater draft through them carrying heat away faster.

You make the comment that the element comes on at full wattage since there is no variable power. A gas burner comes on at full power also when it cycles. In either type of oven, when the thermostat calls for heat, you want to bring it back up as fast as possible. Before all of this razzle-dazzle of pulsing top heat, electric ovens at first used a low wattage perimeter element at the top of the oven around the broil element to supply top heat for browning and later, when the broil elements were Calrod-type elements, powered the broil element at half voltage, 115 instead of 230 to produce 1/4 the wattage 750 watts instead of 3000 for top heat. Gas ovens traditionally tended to be hotter at the top and browned more up there since the heat rose along the sides of the oven and gathered at the top to exit the vent. Most baking was done in the middle of a gas oven while electric range manufacturers said that was not so important since the oven did not have a draft pulling heat to the top.
 
Frigidaire

My 61 PINK FRIGIDAIRE was off be 40 degrees when I got it,the calibration adjustment is a tiny screw set down in a very small hole in the middle of the thermostat shaft,I had to make a screwdriver out of a small nail,its almost as small as a glasses screwdriver but longer, anyway after about 2 hours of tedious adjustment, its right on the money, the Norge is much easier to adjust,it has the old fashioned Robertshaw controls,and didnt need adjusting on the small oven the large one was not off but 10 degrees.
 
Digital oven

Mine is the new digital Kenmore (made by Frigilux?) with hidden element. Is there a way to adjust the software or do I just need to take a guess?

It only sets in 25 degree increments (225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 350, etc...) with its default temp at 350.

Every thing that Helen and I has put in it has come out right. Not overdone or undercooked. So maybe it's already
right on and no need for adjustment.
 
On my Electrolux, there is a user menu. Buried under 5 or 6 other options is the temp offset. I know on other ovens I've used you adjust the control knob, it had detentes on the back, and my '59 Frigidaire CI has an adjustment screw as norgeway mentioned. I have to believe every oven has an option to make adjustments. I think the key is a very accurate thermometer. I have a Taylor Serviceman thermometer, but somehow the mercury separated and has 2 gaps in the column, I can't get an accurate reading with it. My candy thermometer has to be very accurate and I propped it near the window and watched.

My point is it's one of those things you think about from time to time but often never do. For me it made dramatic difference in the quality of the baked product. In the recipe I used it states to bake a 325 for 55 minutes and then at 350 for 10-15. with my old oven I never added the extra 10 at 350 since the cake sprang back at the end of 55 minutes. As I stated big difference in texture.

Recipe to follow....
 
Easy test for temperature accuracy...

this was told to me by a service man a long time ago.

Get a tube of Pillsbury refrigerated biscuits (or store brand, but I am a fan of Pillsbury Grands!), and a light coloured, un-warped baking sheet.

Light the oven to 350, or whatever the package suggests. If the oven is an awesome newer one, wait about 20 minutes AFTER the beep or chime.

Place the biscuits on the baking sheet, and bake for the
 
more-

"after the beep or chime, or until you believe the element or burner to be off for the same time."

Bake for the "10-13" minutes on the package, and check through the window, or, if windowless, check fast.

If they are too light, thermostat is low. Too dark, you know.

Plus, you can eat the test results.

Not scientific, but close enough for me.

Lawrence/Maytagbear
 
Here is the recipe----

Custard Chiffon Cake

Blend then cool:

3/4 c. Scalding Hot milk ---- I use 1/2 half and half
7 Egg yolks

Preheat oven to 325

Measure and sift together into small mixing bowl:

2 C. Flour
1 1/2 C. Sugar
3 tsp. Baking Powder
1 tsp. Salt

Make well in center of mixture and add in order:
1/2 C. Cooking Oil
3 tsp. Vanilla
the cooled egg yolk-milk mixture.

Beat about 1 minute at medium speed, until it's smooth and creamy looking. Set aside.

Measure into a large bowl:

1 C. Egg whites (7 or 8)
1/2 tsp. Cream of Tartar.

Whip until VERY Stiff peaks form, 3 to 5 minutes. Spatula should leave a clean path when pulled through egg whites.

Gently fold Flour/egg yolk mixture into egg whites, I generally do it in 4 additions. Pour into tube pan, cut around tube 4 or 5 times to remove air bubbles.

Bake 55 minutes at 325, then 10-15 at 350 until cake springs back. Immediately turn cake upside down and cool completely.

I frost with a Roux type frosting. I used this one last night, a little different than my usual but very good.

Ermine Frosting

INGREDIENTS

* 1 cup Whole Milk
* 3 TB Flour
* A pinch of Salt
* 1 cup unsalted Butter
* 1 cup Sugar
* 1 tsp Vanilla extract

DIRECTIONS

1. Whisk flour into milk and place over medium heat in a small sauce pan.
2. Cook mixture until thickened; remove from heat and add salt;
3. Set aside to cool slightly
4. In a stand mixer, begin creaming the butter and sugar until fluffy. 5-7 minutes
5. Add vanilla
6. When milk mixture is slightly cooled; add 1 TB at a time to the creamed butter mixture while the mixer is running on medium speed. 8-10 minutes
7. Slowly but surely the gluten will pull in the butter into a pseudo emulsion.
8. You should have an extremely fluffy, light and buttery frosting when completed.

mattl++2-24-2010-11-50-22.jpg
 
Some

degree of temperature swing (amplitude) is desirable. It aids in good even browning of baked goods. Any oven should be preheated at least 20 minutes for baked goods for best results.

Steve, there has been conversation here about todays self-clean ovens not being well insulated and the like. They may appear to have less insulation, but the R-value in the current (more compact) insulation is as good as or better than older systems. The oversized oven windows are made possible by heat reflective metallic coatings on the windows and air flow between the panes of glass. There are codes that regulate surface temperatures.
 
Leslie:

"There are codes that regulate surface temperatures."

That may be, but if that's the case, the codes might be too lax or not properly observed. I've been around self-cleaners since the early '70s, and the older ones did not burn you if you accidentally brushed up against them. I have had that happen with newer ones.

It feels to me like new self-cleaners are built to the limits of what is tolerable in terms of heat on the exterior. Older ones seemed to be much more conservatively designed and built to prevent as much heat transfer to exterior surfaces, even with the less efficient insulation technology of the time.
 
MattL:

That is exactly the suite of bathroom fixtures we had in the house I grew up in - I had no idea who made them. Ours were white, though, nothing so snazzy as pastels.

I would absolutely love to have a sink like that again; those towel bars (which were actually part of the leg assembly) were extremely handy.
 
Well, since we have touched on toilets,

I once in an apartment back in the 70s where the plumbing was quite vintage (pedestal sinks with separate hot and cold water, a bath tub on legs), and a very large toilet with what look like a 5 gallon tank in the back. You talk about a power flush and good water pressure! Now days, they are making toilets that uses as little as a gallon of water to flush where you have to flush twice to be effective. BTY, I copied this luscious cake recipe and plan on making it!
John
 
Can a modern oven with electronic controls be calibrated?

I have a 2001 Frigidaire gas convection range. I recently did a check with an oven thermometer and found (if the device is accurate) that the oven runs 25 (14 C) hotter than the temperature setting. I need to buy a second thermometer to be sure that the oven--and not the thermometer--is the problem.

Is it possible to calibrate a gas oven with electronic controls? My previous old GE POS gas range did have a calibration screw on the oven temperature knob, but now the current oven has an electronic control. Or is it best just to subtract 25 F each time I use it?

PS the gas range uneven heat issue is much less evident with convection turned on. I can bake cookies on three racks at once, and maybe the lower-most rack is ready a minute before the middle and upper racks, but the convection fan does a good job of keeping the heat even. I have the basic model with "Speed Bake" (just a fan, no heating element).
 

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