Not The Same At All
Dishwasher rinse agents are combinations of surfactants/water softeners meant to cause water to sheet rather than form drops. This allows water and whatever else to literally "slip" off the dishes leaving them "spotless" or that is how things are supposed to go in theory.
Because the water now has reduced surface tension due to these chemicals it also causes items to dry faster.
White vinegar is a mild acid, and while it will deal with hard water minerals and or results from high alkaline detergents, it does not "soften" water per se, nor does it reduce surface tension the way rinse aids do. Suppose if one rinsed dishes in very hot or near boiling water the drying results (without using a heater) maybe the same as with using a rinse aid. OTHO having tried the vinegar route, am here to tell you quickly went back to Jet Dry.
Without rinse aid dishes still had bits of yibbles and were quite wet the next morning. This does not happen when I use a rinse aid, indeed my dishes will "flash dry" if I open the door right after final rinse.
You can try this for yourself by rinsing some dishes in a sink full of water mixed with vinegar, then trying again with rinse aid instead. Indeed when rinsing dishes after washing by had you will notice water beads up and often will leave marks on glassware/crystal if not dried with a towel.