What I want to know is if low suds-no suds detergents were b
Simple; ever since persons have been washing/cleaning with soap high levels of froth equated with good cleaning action.
Soap performs many functions when in comes to cleaning, especially for laundry. In addition to removing dirt and other soils it also softens water; not very effectively nor cheaply for that matter but there you are.
When soap meets hard water minerals more product must be added to replace the amount softening water. The most reliable visual indicator of how most soaps are performing is via the level of suds. Long as you see froth in great numbers it means there is sufficient product to water ratio to ensure good cleaning. This is why you see adverts for soap based laundry products go on about "thick, rich, billowy and lasting suds". It also explains why dosage amounts tended to be rather loose with follow-up cautions to always maintain a "one inch" layer of froth and or that suds reach half-way up a washing machine's door window.
It was against this backdrop that P&G launched Tide detergent, and sales initially bombed. Housewives in the 1940's had learned to do wash using soap and thus equated froth with cleaning action. The original Tide was very low sudsing so consumers avoided the stuff in droves. P&G was forced to reformulate Tide to add froth intensifiers and *THEN* sales took off. Tide became the top ranking laundry product in sales over any other detergent and certainly soap. A spot it has held ever since.
Because American's by and large stuck with top loading washing machines with central beaters, high sudsing detergents could still be used, and were often preferred regardless of what Monsanto, Lever Bros and others tried to do in order to convince them otherwise. Even today most American housewives (or anyone else doing the wash) believes large amounts of froth equal good cleaning action.
In Europe Henkel and other detergent makers realized after the War front loading washing machines were where the domestic laundry market was heading. Yes, there were twin tubs, some top loaders, etc... but by and large H-Axis washers came to dominate the market. This meant detergents had to be low sudsing for all the reasons Monsanto, Lever Bros, etc.. had been saying for years.
There is not such thing as "HE" detergents in Europe as most all laundry detergents are low sudsing. Those that aren't tend to fall into special groups such as twin-tub products.
It will be interesting to see how much longer the United States detergent market remains divided between high and low suds detergent. With front loaders and low water use top loaders pushing out older water hungry machines, there is really no need for high froth detergents.