Before the Dual 1229 i had an Empire turntable of about the same vintage as the dual-a heavy 1950s basic design with a German external rotor motor belt driving the platter. Bought this one in near mint condition at a stereo store table sale in 1989 for $40: i think they thought it was a relic of a bygone era...The belt went soft and i could not find a replacement,so set aside when the dual was bought.I still have the Empire and should get it going again
Keep in mind about the different drive systems that various turntables use....
I'll not get into the debates over which is better, etc., that online audiophiles seem to argue over, because that's just online blabbering.
Records themselves, all have a built in noise.
I'm talking about the "noise floor" that resides in the very grooves, and is pretty impossible to eliminate.
This noise can be noticed when the stylus is riding in a silent, non-modulated groove, easily heard if the volume is turned up.
It's the friction of the record vinyl and the stylus tip as it plows along a moving record, and depends on the quality of the record when pressed, as well as the vinyl composition itself.
Some think it's actually turntable rumble, which it's not.
Some people have critisized idler drive as the source, but that is only if the idler assembly, or the motor is at fault due to age or condition.
Others claim belt drives are the culprit, the platter bearing, etc.
Damage to those types is also due to condition, lubrication, etc.
But an utterly silent system in in a well-designed direct drive, as long as it's in top condition - they can never be the source of noise.
Dual idler drives in good condition can be substantially lower than the record's own noise floor. (All Dual idler drive)
So can belt drives. (Dual 1241)
And indeed the direct drives. (Dual 701)
So,
lubrication is paramount, as is the mechanical parts themselves.
Motor mounts are just as important.
Heck, even those VM-made Zenith Microtouch 2G record changers can be brought to amazing performance if restored properly.
As are those Zenith-made belt drive changers.
I'm even amazed when I've worked on them and layed the needle down on a groove.
Those Empire "tanks" are nice units, and worthy of good performance.
So are the Thorens TD 124 machines.
I've restored several of them, and know why they're in demand among purists.