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3 Ph Y can be either 208/120V or 480/277V.'Y" is now the most common of the 3 ph LV usage voltage standards.Older power systems were 220V or 440V Delta.Probably older buildings in places like NYC,Chicago,etc were wired for these.I remember some industrial buildings that were old were wired for the old 220 or 440V Delta.Many older motors ran from them.Power companies today favor the "Y" systems-its easier for them to balance loads-and the power factor is better-easier for them to compensate.
Color codes for three phase wiring-I was trying to remember-and trying to look it up in a NEC handbook-the colors can serve two purposes-identifying what voltage is on the three phase circuit-and for polarity.when I put in a 50Kw AM transmitter system-the 50K Tx ran from 480V 3ph "Y".The building was in turn fed with 480V3Ph.The other loads in the building required 208/120V so a transformer was installed to step down the 480V to 208/120V 3Ph "Y".This would run an auxillary 10Kw AM transmitter-and other loads.I remember the colors on the cables were different.
 
My understanding of AC is that if you want to increase the voltage in parallel (Not via transformer), you have to add voltages from seperate phases? Is this a correct assumption? If so, does that mean technically, that US houses have a 2 phase supply?

Well yes, US homes can be *thought of* as having a 2-phase supply.

Most air-conditioners need two wires and a ground- no component takes 110v. Most dyrers and stoves/cookers requre a third neutral conductor in that some components use 110v (light bulbs/lamps, clocks, timers). Often-times a heating element on a cooker is switched from 220v to 110 vmaking it a very gentle "simmer" element.

It took me DECADES to realize that a neutral is a "fake" thing and exists only because of center-tapping a transformer.

Here, two hots may share a neutal in a std. three-wire set-up
Three hots may share a neutral in three-phase (four-wire) set-up.
 
I'm not sure how the voltage works Steve. I do know that about some 15,000 volts runs through the overhead power lines. There must be some transformer hooked up at each home/business.
 
There are sub-stations (on the ground) and/or local transformers on poles that bring down the high voltge to the *usable* levels.

Soemone had once posted a pic of this with regard to a thread on 3-phase power, perhaps he can indulge us and re-post it here!
 
"Neutral" serves as the "return" for the power-Neutrals are usually grounded-required by codes.However-you can put an "amp-Clamp" type ammeter on the neutral on an operating 3ph system-you can read some flow there-harmonics or unbalanced loads--Don't touch that neutral and ground though-you will get a shock.Its like you can take any phase of a 3ph 208V system and measure 120V to ground.480V will measure 277V to ground or neutral-same as the 208V.The Green cable ground is the "safety" path for the power to go-and to trip overcurrent devices-fuses and circuit breakers,GFI's.In the "Y" system-one end of the transformer winding goes to neutral or ground.The center connection of the "Y".
 

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