Two house fuses:
In an older North American home, there will have been two separate fuses for the 240 V electric dryer circuit. One fuse for each of the two 120 V hot legs. These days you would generally find a circuit breaker that will only allow both legs to be either on or off; the breaker will not allow one leg to be on and the other to be off.
All of the non-heater components (e.g. motor, timer etc.) in a typical American dryer are connected between neutral and one of the two hot legs (giving 120 V). The heater is connected between both hot legs (giving 240 or 208 V). So if one of the two fuses were to blow, depending which one had blown, you could have power to the dryer for everything but the heater. This would cause the dryer to run and appear to operate normally but not heat.
This doesn't appear to be what's happening in your case. Your problem doesn't fit with the description in the troubleshooting guide regarding two house fuses. However, it may still be worth checking the wiring to make sure that the dryer does indeed have all 4 wires connected correctly and to confirm that it does have a good connection to both of the hots, the neutral and the ground. A faulty electrical connection could be something worth ruling out.