To put it lightly, war is a very, very nasty business, and although we have to try to forgive and to reconcile, we cannot forget. The other important issue is that we must learn from the past because if we don’t, we may very well repeat the same mistakes in the future. History tells us to learn from the past, for it is only after consideration of all the facts from various sources can we ever deduce what went wrong and to avoid any such repetitions in the future.
What many went through during World War II, and other wars, was absolutely horrendous. There were, and are, many brave people who really did their best to fight against the Nazis and other evil groups in other wars, and the sacrifices made by them will not be forgotten. In reality, suggesting that most people could have fought the Nazis would just not be true – this was a totalitarian state, and it is difficult for many of us to imagine what such a country would have been like given that we live in what are generally considered to be democratic countries.
As has been said here, for many companies and their employees, saying “No” to the Nazis, who did after all basically control everything from beginning to end, was not an option. I very much doubt many companies would have wanted to assist, but many would have had no choice. The fact is that there was no real alternative in Germany at the time – all other political parties and discussion were outlawed. Disagree, and you could end up going to a concentration camp. I think there was a similar issue with the consumer electronics company Philips, who moved a great deal of their work out of the areas occupied by Nazi Germany in order to survive, but they were able to do so.
Although the German people have effectively apologised again and again and have been punished for effectively voting Hitler in, it was Hitler who took advantage of what was then a weak constitution, and he was then able to use propaganda and scare tactics to seize control of the presidency and thus effectively shut down all democracy in what was then the Weimar Republic. Remember that Hitler was only Chancellor (effectively Prime Minister) at first, not Head of State. There was still a President at the time, Paul von Hindenburg, but after his death in 1934, Hitler managed to merge the office of President with that of his, making himself Führer (Leader) and thus Head of State.
Many events led up to all of this, with new laws being passed after dramatic events pre-planned by the Nazis in order to scare the public. These did indeed frighten the public, who were led to believe a revolution was taking place, perhaps by Communists (which was not true).
None of this is to excuse what anyone did, but this is much of what we believe to have happened. Yes, there would have been those who colluded with the Nazis, both, both inside and outside Germany – so-called “Nazi sympathisers” – and members of the public who mistakenly believe Hitler and Nazism was the answer. However, remember that Hitler was actually elected, even if was not necessarily a particularly fair election, but that his true aim was not realised immediately – he sought to consolidate power by force and fear, and I very much doubt all Germans at the time wanted their institutions effectively made into instruments of the Nazi Party. There were indeed Germans and others who agreed with what the Nazis were doing, but they were not in the majority in the end.
The fact is that Hitler blamed several groups for Germany’s ills, and he believed they needed to be, quite literally, exterminated. The pure evil in this is something that I have little understanding of, only that my late grandparents fought in WWII. They survived, albeit with injuries that plagued them throughout their lives – my paternal grandfather lost a lung and my maternal grandfather was forced was captured by the Germans and forced to walk hundreds of miles. My maternal grandfather put together a great diary, and we have it here. The Head of History at my old secondary (high) school says we really should allow a museum or official archive to see it, but it is priceless.
They both knew the cost of war, but they also understood that, however complicated some issues may be, there is no reasoning with some dictators, and that requires action where all over measures fail. The fact is that ordinary people suffer in any case, war or not, but allowing suffering to continue at the hands of dictators and other abusers is intolerable, and those who do abuse must be held to account for everything they have done. Sitting back and watching for too long is not an option – all human life is sacred.