Buick V6 and V8 . . .
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<span style="font-size: medium;">It’s kind of odd that Buick designed two very long lived, important engines for the Special and then GM sold both of them to other manufacturers after only short periods of production. First was the 215 cu. in. aluminum V8 introduced with the Special in ’61, and then the iron V6 added to the lineup in ’62. Olds had their own version of the V8 for the F-85/Cutlass with Olds-unique cylinder heads. Pontiac also used the V8 in the Tempest, but bought it straight from Buick. When ’61 Special sales were a little slow initially, Buick got scared and designed the V6 in a big hurry to provide a lower priced option. The early V6s were really nasty as GM didn’t bother to spend any time developing the engine to compensate for the odd-fire design that results from a 90 degree V6 block and a three-throw crankshaft. The V8 was a gem from the start, Olds even turbocharged it for ’63 and thus shares honors with Chevy (who introduced the turbo Corvair the same year) for the world’s first turbocharged production cars.</span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">When the Special, F-85, and Tempest became larger "intermediates" for ’64, GM dumped the V8 in favor of heavier and larger iron V8s, although Buick did use some aluminum cylinder heads for awhile on their small-block V8. Rover of England bought the tooling about ’67 to provide a replacement for their old, old, F-head inline six in the big Rover P5 models and to provide an optional engine in the four-cylinder P6 models where an inline six wouldn’t fit. The V8 P5 model was officially known as the P5B, with B being for Buick! In ’70 they introduced the Range Rover with the V8 as standard and it remained the primary Range Rover engine into the ‘90s. GM could have really used this nice lightweight V8 in the ‘70s, but by then it was gone.</span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;">Buick continued to build the odd-fire V6 through ’67 as a price leader for the very few Buick buyers who wanted a six. I think Oldsmobile may have offered it on occasion too. After that they sold it to Kaiser Jeep, who wanted to augment the old F-head four cylinder in the basic Jeep. The V6 fit beautifully in the Jeep, and Jeep customers didn’t care if it was a rough running engine. They also liked the fact that there were plenty of V6 parts available through Buick and aftermarket channels so an engine problem didn’t necessarily mean having to find a Jeep dealership. However, American Motors bought Kaiser-Jeep in 1970 and immediately shoehorned their own inline six into the Jeep so they could mothball the V6 for the second time in its’ short life. This is why AMC was able to sell the tooling back to GM during the energy crises as they had no intention of making two sixes with radically different designs. To their credit GM then began to spend money on the V6 and eventually developed it into a fine engine, although it really wasn’t nice until the ‘80s when it got decent port fuel injection and computer-mapped ignition in addition to split crankpins to make it an even fire engine.</span>
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<span style="font-size: medium;">Given AMC’s limited budget, I really doubt that they would have been interested in the V6 for their own cars, as they preferred their own inline six. Having the V6 in a redesigned Pacer would have allowed somewhat better space utilization (which was quite awful due to the mostly wasted excessive width), but it would have cost them lots of money to do, and they wouldn’t have been able to fix the balance and vibration problems during the Pacer’s lifetime. What would have worked best for the Pacer would have been to put their inline six transversely with front wheel drive, like Austin did for the 2200 in England, but AMC had neither the engineering ability nor the money to do anything like this.</span>