Greetings, Bart. The pump mechanism does not fill it with water. The machine's inlet valve opens when the timer calls for a fill. Water flows in via plumbing pressure from the city mains or private water well, whichever you have supplying water to your house. Fills are timed, probably 2 minutes more or less.
The pump functions separately to circulate/spray the water that has filled in, or drains it out at the appropriate times after the various wash and rinse periods.
No fill is a problem with the inlet valve not functioning, not a problem with the pump. The inlet valve may have gone bad or there's a problem with a wire on/to it. Or a problem with the timer. Or a problem with the overfill float but that's less likely.
Has there been any leaking from the rust spot in your 4th and 5th photos when the machine was working?