It depends on how good your dishwasher's filter design is!
In the United States, the traditional approach to dealing with scraps of food in dishwasher was to include a grinder. This resulted in a reasonable outcome, but it could also result in ground food being deposited back on your dishes and also food particles pounding the dishes which can cause glass damage as it's almost like sandblasting, especially if something like ground popcorn kernels or seeds get into the water.
The European approach (at least on well-designed machines) is different. You have a coarse filter and a self-cleaning cone filter.
The usual design (like Bosch/Siemens/Electrolux/AEG etc) has a tube-shaped multi-layer filter with a coarse grill at the top.
Large items of food will sit on the top of the filter and shouldn't block it.
Smaller items (like say for example a pea, a bit of salad, or piece of pasta) will get sucked down into the tubular filter. This is usually two layered with a very fine filter at the outer edge.
The wash pump sucks water horizontally from the sides of the filter forcing the water through all the layers. So, water recirculating in the dishwasher is kept relatively free of particles of food.
The drain pump is connected to the bottom of the filter. When the machine empties, water is sucked downwards, and fine particles are washed out of the filter meshes and sucked down the drain.
The drain pump can comfortably pump away anything that is small enough to pass through the coarse filters.
Typically, all you should need to do is remove any items sitting on top of the filter at the bottom of the machine and clean the filter out once in a while (not every wash!!)
Overall, unless you're just putting in dishes with a whole meal still on them, you shouldn't have that much filter-maintenance to worry about.