Much is to be attributed to the quality of the incoming water. When it's sand and pebbles coming from the tap in homes without softeners, the dishwasher is hobbled from the beginning. Add detergent that does nothing to break the water and a slow-moving disaster is all but guaranteed. Our water is about 12-17 grains depending on where you live in the metro area and the source from which the water is drawn. I have a softener and it's still stunning to go into homes without one. Sand and pebbles slowly gnawing away at every surface it touches.